FIRE DEPARTMENT STAFFING LEVELS
The issue has been joined in both Edgewater and New Smyrna Beach as to whether it is necessary to have three fire fighters in each station 24/7. Remember this is not a question of standards but guidelines, established by groups actively under the control of the “experts” who, in almost all cases, are former fireman or representatives of their union. It is also a question of cost. This is not to say that those who want a third fireman in every fire house may not have validity, but it means that one has every reason to examine them as no more than suggestions based upon what the community receives in benefits for the extra cost, i.e. the benefit versus the cost of providing that benefit.
Personnel in fire stations are almost invariably static. They are not adjusted by frequency of calls or their location. All three of our stations usually are provided the same staffing level, even if most of the calls are from one sector of the city, or bunched at a specific time of day.
The original basis for the third fireman, was that if there a structural fire, no fireman may enter the structure unless four fire fighters on the scene (Some would argue that there should be four at each station at all times). Two may enter the structure and two remain outside for safety reasons. Obviously, three on a truck cannot meet that “guideline, so multiple pieces of equipment are dispatched that may be staffed by two or three fire fighters per vehicle. As the guideline is to have four fire fighters at a structural fire, there is no need to provide three on a vehicle rather than two. This is particularly true where the stations are in close proximity such as in New Smyrna and Edgewater. On one occasion, a house fire in Silver Sands had fire vehicles from Silver Sands, New Smyrna, and Edgewater. Now, the so-called “rules” vary, and if a human life is at risk it not mandatory to maintain two fire fighters outside, furthermore, there has not been a fire in Southeast Volusia County in recent years where “trapped” individuals were rescued.
So if three does not really make a significant difference over two because of the two in, two out, concept, what other justification is there? The fire Chief in Port Orange stated that a structural fire needed 14 fire fighters on site for proper fire fighting. For arguments sake we accept this statement. That would mean seven vehicles would be required instead of five if there were two on a truck instead of three. Interestingly enough, in a house fire last week, less than a few blocks from a Port Orange fire station, we are told that the house burned to the ground. There does not seem to be any correlation between the thought that having equipment on the scene quickly, necessarily means that you can put out the fire. And then of course there are so few structural fires to begin with (18 in New Smyrna Beach out of a total of 119 fire calls in 2006), that three on a truck is gold plating, and provides little to additional protection for a large additional cost. Remember too, none of these stations is staffed based upon frequency and time of calls, as is the case of the County EVAC service, which has half the vehicles on the road when statistics show little or no calls.
Since the case for extra firefighters can not be made based on fire calls, fire departments turn to their medical/rescue operation to justify the third person. Here is how that argument works. First, we send the fire truck whether we need it or not, like the fender bender on 27th Avenue and A1A a couple of weeks ago, where 7 vehicles and 15 personnel including EVAC were on the scene (small cut to someone’s wrist and no trip to the hospital). Now consider a serious accident and the EVAC vehicle is off to the hospital. The “rule” is that a third person from a fire vehicle must go to the hospital—the so-called two EMTs in the van with the patient. It is a guideline touted by fire departments, and now in some State or County protocols. Therefore, the argument goes that if you only had two on the truck, it would be useless until that fire fighter who went off to the hospital returned. First, that is not a very long time, since a taxi is dispatched immediately to return the fireman, and the length of time the fire vehicle is understaffed is minimal. Secondly, in the rare case where there would be a call while the fireman is on “EVAC” duty, the cab could take the fireman to the fire truck’s destination. Third, the statistics are diminimus for showing any loss in operational capacity in those few cases where a fire fighter goes with EVAC equipment.
However, the real proof of the pudding is that in order to put an end to the abuse of sick leave, both jurisdictions for apparently the last 8 months have not called in replacement personnel when a fire fighter called in sick. This has saved each City, between $125,000-$150,000 in 2007, and there has been no loss in coverage. Many fire stations have operated with only two staff for a long time, and there is no evidence that this has reduced the level public safety.
In the final analysis, the major question is how much the society is willing to pay for the minimal additional protection provided by these additional personnel. We do not have a statistical base for the number of times it would make a difference if three men were on a fire truck, but we estimate that the number of times that a fire fighter is on an EVAC vehicle is extremely small, and the time away from the truck on an annual basis equates to about two days. To us, it does not seem reasonable to pay for the additional person cost of maintaining an additional person in each station 365 days a year.
Edgewater and New Smyrna Beach are right on the mark for reducing their staffing level.